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| Professional | Role | Regulated by | Fee Basis | When to Use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abogado | Legal advice, representation in all courts and proceedings | Colegio de Abogados (CGAE / bar association) | Hourly (€100–350) or fixed. Baremo orientador only advisory. | Any legal dispute, contract advice, immigration, criminal defence |
| Notario | Public official certifying legal acts — property deeds, company formation, powers of attorney | Dirección General de Seguridad Jurídica y Fe Pública (Min. Justicia) | Regulated arancel (RD 1426/1989) — no negotiation | Property purchase, escrituras, company constitution, testamentos |
| Procurador | Court representative — files documents, receives notifications. No legal advice. | Colegio de Procuradores (CGPE) | Regulated arancel (RD 1373/2003) | Mandatory in most court proceedings above €2,000; works alongside abogado |
| Graduado Social | Labour law specialist — Seguridad Social, employment contracts, ERTE, SEPE, Juzgado Social | Colegio Oficial de Graduados Sociales | Negotiated fees | Employment law, Social Security disputes, payroll, ERE/ERTE |
| Gestoría | Administrative agent — tax filings, company registration, NIE applications, ITP/AJD payment | Colegio de Gestores Administrativos (not all) | Fixed fees (€200–1,500 depending on service) | Routine admin: ITP/AJD, Hacienda filings, vehicle registration, NIE, TIE applications |
| Asesor Fiscal / Economista | Tax adviser and accountant | Colegio de Economistas / Registro de Economistas Asesores Fiscales (REAF) | Negotiated | IRPF returns, IS, IVA, IRNR, Modelo 720, international tax planning |